Research Lab Tools Free lab calculators with the working shown All tools

Topic

Solutions & dilutions

Plan stock solutions, dilutions and concentration series at the bench.

Calculators

T-07

Concentration Converter

Convert between molar units (M, mM, µM, nM) and mass-per-volume units (mg/mL, µg/mL, % w/v, ppm) using molecular weight.

c_mass (g/L) = c (mol/L) × M (g/mol)
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T-11

Stock Solution Calculator

Mass to weigh for a stock solution, or solvent volume for a weighed amount, with purity correction and aliquot planning.

m_weigh = (c × V × M) / p
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Guides

  1. G-01

    The Dilution Equation (C1V1 = C2V2) and Serial Dilutions

    Why C1V1 = C2V2 works, how to solve it for any unknown, what “1:10” really means, and how to plan serial dilutions that stay accurate at small volumes.

  2. G-02

    Concentration Units Explained: M, mg/mL, % w/v and ppm

    How molar and mass-per-volume concentrations relate, why the molecular weight is the bridge between them, and what percentage and ppm really mean for a solution.

  3. G-03

    How to Prepare a Stock Solution

    A bench-level walk-through of stock solution preparation: choosing a concentration, correcting for purity and net peptide content, weighing, dissolving, making up to volume, and aliquoting.

  4. G-04

    Planning a Concentration Series

    How to space concentrations for an experiment (linear, 2-fold, half-log or 10-fold), when to dilute directly or serially, how to keep pipetting volumes accurate, and why the vehicle should stay constant.